Breastfeeding is natural, but that does not mean it doesn’t come with its challenges. Luckily there are centuries of experience and modern medicine to draw on in addressing the problems a new mother may face in feeding her baby.
Problem 1: Engorgement
Engorgement happens when the milk first comes in after the baby’s birth but the breasts produce too much milk, causing the breasts to become swollen, hard and sore. Mom may also develop a fever and feel very emotional. Nursing frequently and alternating breasts during nursing can help to prevent engorgement. If engorgement does developed, try applying first cold and then warm cloths to the breasts, or stand in the shower and alternately spray cold and warm water over the breasts to get relief. Gentle massage can help to get rid of the extra fluid. Pain relievers such as paracetamol can help to increase comfort.
Problem 2: Sore nipples
It is perfectly normal to have sore nipples for the first days of breastfeeding as the nipples need time to toughen up and get used to baby’s suckling. Babies who do not latch on correctly could be chewing the nipples while feeding or sometimes baby is just a vigorous sucker, causing mom discomfort. Special nipple cream with lanolin can be applied to relieve soreness. Also, breast milk contains natural antiseptics, so rub some of your milk around the nipple and allow it to air dry.
Problem 3: Breast inflammation
Breast inflammation, or mastitis, develops when the milk and surrounding tissue become infected with bacteria that have entered the milk ducts through the nipple. One or both of the breasts can become red and look patchy and feel very sore and mom can feel ill and have a fever. Mom should see a doctor, as antibiotics will be needed. Mom should carry on breastfeeding, as it is important to empty the milk ducts to prevent clogging. The doctor will advise on the best way to do this.
Problem 4: Leaking breasts
It is quite common in the first month after birth for the breasts to leak milk. This usually works itself out as soon as a breastfeeding routine gets established. In the meantime, try pressing the heel of the hand into the nipple, or try pinching the nipple, to stop the leaking. Breast pads, available from the supermarket, can be worn inside the bra to absorb drips and leaks.
Sources
Booth, T. 2004. Pregnancy Q & A. Meadowbrook Press
Lees, C., Reynolds,K. and McCartan, G. 2003. The Pregnancy Question & Answer Book. Dorling Kindersley
Murkoff, H.E., Eisenberg, A. and Hathaway, S.E. 2002. What to Expect When You’re Expecting. Simon & Schuster