The National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) has assured the public that there is no cause for alarm over the recent surge in Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) cases, primarily affecting parts of China. While the increase in cases has sparked global interest, experts emphasise that this respiratory virus is a familiar seasonal pathogen, not a new or pandemic-level threat.

What is HMPV?
HMPV, first detected in 2001, has been around for over six decades, according to Dutch researchers. It is a common respiratory virus that circulates globally and often peaks during the colder months of winter and spring. The virus spreads through respiratory droplets, such as those produced when coughing or sneezing, as well as via contaminated surfaces.

Who is most at risk?
While HMPV can affect anyone, certain groups are more vulnerable, including:

  • Young children: Especially those under five years old.
  • The elderly: Due to reduced immunity.
  • Individuals with pre-existing conditions: Such as respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.

Symptoms to watch out for
HMPV symptoms often resemble those of the common cold or flu and include:

  • Cough
  • Fever
  • Nasal congestion
  • Wheezing

In more severe cases, particularly in high-risk groups, the virus can lead to:

  • Bronchitis
  • Pneumonia

What experts are saying

Professor Cheryl Cohen, head of the Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis at the NICD, highlights that an increase in respiratory infections during winter is expected.

“All the information so far suggests that the viruses causing this respiratory illness are really some of the typical seasonal influenza or respiratory viruses that we see in the winter,” she says. “At this stage, I think there isn’t really any concern that this is a pandemic or a new virus.”

The NICD also confirms it is closely monitoring the situation in China and other affected areas to ensure accurate updates.

How to stay healthy
Even though HMPV is not a major cause for concern, it’s essential to practice good hygiene and take precautions:

  • Wash your hands regularly: Use soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after coughing, sneezing, or touching public surfaces.
  • Avoid close contact: Keep a safe distance from those who are unwell.
  • Cover your mouth and nose: Use a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing.
  • Disinfect surfaces: Frequently clean high-touch areas like doorknobs, phones, and countertops.

Treatment protocol
While there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for HMPV, symptoms can be managed effectively at home in most cases:

  • Rest and hydration: Give your body time to recover by staying hydrated and resting.
  • Over-the-counter medications: Paracetamol or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and alleviate discomfort.
  • Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen: Particularly for young children, the elderly, or those with underlying health conditions.

While the recent rise in HMPV cases may sound alarming, it’s important to remember that this virus is not new, and its seasonal resurgence is well-documented.

Let’s not panic—let’s prepare. After all, knowledge and common sense are the best defences against any seasonal illness. If you have any concerns, visit your local clinic or doctor.
If you need more health information or advice to help you to care better for yourself or others, call LifeAssist to speak to a professional health coach.