Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein, most commonly of the legs. Clots in deep veins (deep vein thrombosis) require immediate medical care.

DVT is dangerous because the clots can break loose, travel through the bloodstream to the lungs, and block the blood flow in the lungs. This is called a pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening condition. DVT may damage the vein and cause the leg to ache, swell and change colour. After years of having a DVT, leg sores can develop.

DVT is not limited to the legs though; it can also form in the veins of the arms or pelvis. However, DVT of the legs is by far the most common form of the condition.

Symptoms

Symptoms of DVT include the following:

    • Pain or discomfort
    • Swelling
    • Redness
    • Warm feeling
    • Enlarged superficial veins in the area of the affected deep vein.

Causes and risk factors

The causes of and risks for DVT include the following:

    • Decreased flow rate of the blood
    • Damage to the wall of the blood vessel
    • Increased tendency of the blood to clot
    • Older age
    • Surgery
    • Immobility and inactivity
    • Contraceptives
    • Pregnancy in women
    • Post-natal women
    • Cancer.

Prevention

The following may help prevent DVT:

    • Be generally well and fit (but this may not prevent the condition entirely)
    • Wear compression stockings during a journey lasting longer than eight hours
    • Walk up and down the aisle hourly over long flights. Flex and point your feet every 20 minutes while sitting
    • Drink lots of water.

Treatment

Treatment for DVT usually involves the following:

    • Taking medicine for at least three months to thin your blood and prevent the forming of clots
    • Having regular blood tests to see how well the blood thinners are working
    • Propping up or elevating your leg when possible
    • Taking regular walks
    • Wearing compression stockings.

 

Sources
Healthwise Knowledgebase Inc
www.wikipedia.com